.data # section declaration
msg:
.string "Hello, world!\n"
len = . - msg # length of our dear string
.text # section declaration
# we must export the entry point to the ELF linker or
.global main # loader. They conventionally recognize _start as their
# entry point. Use ld -e foo to override the default.
main:
# write our string to stdout
movl $len,%edx # third argument: message length
movl $msg,%ecx # second argument: pointer to message to write
movl $1,%ebx # first argument: file handle (stdout)
movl $4,%eax # system call number (sys_write)
int $0x80 # call kernel
# and exit
movl $0,%ebx # first argument: exit code
movl $1,%eax # system call number (sys_exit)
int $0x80 # call kernel
SYSCALL invokes an OS system-call handler at privilege level 0. It does so by loading RIP from the IA32_LSTAR MSR (after saving the address of the instruction following SYSCALL into RCX).
call do_syscall_64 /* returns with IRQs disabled */
当我们进一步打开这个函数时,一切或许就有些明朗了:
__visible void do_syscall_64(unsigned long nr, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
struct thread_info *ti;
enter_from_user_mode();
local_irq_enable();
ti = current_thread_info();
if (READ_ONCE(ti->flags) & _TIF_WORK_SYSCALL_ENTRY)
nr = syscall_trace_enter(regs);
/*
* NB: Native and x32 syscalls are dispatched from the same
* table. The only functional difference is the x32 bit in
* regs->orig_ax, which changes the behavior of some syscalls.
*/
nr &= __SYSCALL_MASK;
if (likely(nr < NR_syscalls)) {
nr = array_index_nospec(nr, NR_syscalls);
regs->ax = sys_call_table[nr](regs);
}
syscall_return_slowpath(regs);
}
asmlinkage const sys_call_ptr_t sys_call_table[__NR_syscall_max+1] = {
/*
* Smells like a compiler bug -- it doesn't work
* when the & below is removed.
*/
[0 ... __NR_syscall_max] = &sys_ni_syscall,
#include <asm/syscalls_64.h>
};
#
# 64-bit system call numbers and entry vectors
#
# The format is:
# <number> <abi> <name> <entry point>
#
# The __x64_sys_*() stubs are created on-the-fly for sys_*() system calls
#
# The abi is "common", "64" or "x32" for this file.
#
0 common read __x64_sys_read
1 common write __x64_sys_write
2 common open __x64_sys_open
3 common close __x64_sys_close